One evening, after work, I decided to write a computer simulation to compute the probabilities of each hand type for an antique slot machine style poker game, like the one pictured below. These were called trade stimulators. Bar owners would place them at their bar. They were really gambling machines in disguise.
I sent email messages to various collectors clubs and got a lot of useful information. Every machine had essentially a different reel configuration. The simplest machines had five reels with 10 cards each, for a total of 50 cards. But some games had reels with 11 or 12 cards each, with some cards duplicated.
An expert named Bill Petrochuk, from the Coin Operated Collectors Association (COCA, http://www.coinopclub.org), sent me an image showing the reel configuration of old machines manufactured by the Chas. Fey Company in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
Here is a beautiful old five-card poker machine manufactured by the Chas Fey Company. The reel information was sent to me by Bill Petrochuk of the Coin Operated Collectors Association. Thank you Bill!
I zapped out a simulation and ran it 10,000,000 pulls. The output:
Machine reels:
2d 3c 4s 6h 7d 8c 9s Qd Kc As
2h 3d 4c 5h 7h 8d 9c Qh Kd Ac
3h 4d 5d 6s 8h 9d Tc Js Kh Ad
2s 4h 5c 6c 7s 9h Td Jc Qs Ah
2c 3s 5s 6d 7c 8s Th Jd Qc Ks
Playing machine 10000000 times
machine standard deck
HighCard 0.43135600 0.50117700
OnePair 0.45633230 0.42256900
TwoPair 0.06447860 0.04753900
ThreeKind 0.03819820 0.02112800
Straight 0.00337820 0.00392500
Flush 0.00177490 0.00196500
FullHouse 0.00328960 0.00144100
FourKind 0.00108450 0.00024010
StraightFlush 0.00008790 0.00001390
RoyalFlush 0.00001980 0.00000154
The results were quite interesting. The machine probability of getting the worst hand, High Card, is lower than with a regular deck. The biggest difference is that the machine probability of One Pair (0.456) is quite a bit higher than for a regular deck (0.423). But I learned a long time ago that probabilities can be very difficult to estimate and interpret.
Left: Charles Fey (1862-1944) invented the first modern slot machine, called “Liberty Bell” in San Francisco in 1894 or 1898 (sources vary). Seven are known to exist today, but there are many reproductions available. Center: The Chas. Fey Company manufactured several types of machines, including this nice dice machine, circa 1927. Right: The Chas. Fey Company produced more complex machines, including Draw Poker that allowed you to save cards after the first spin and then take a second spin. Here’s an odd one with circular dials, circa 1936.
Demo code. Replace “lt”, “gt”, “lte”, “gte”, “and” with Boolean operator symbols.
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace Poker
{
internal class PokerProgram
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nBegin poker machine" +
" simulation ");
string[] reels = new string[5];
// Charles Fey and Co.
reels[0] = "2d 3c 4s 6h 7d 8c 9s Qd Kc As";
reels[1] = "2h 3d 4c 5h 7h 8d 9c Qh Kd Ac";
reels[2] = "3h 4d 5d 6s 8h 9d Tc Js Kh Ad";
reels[3] = "2s 4h 5c 6c 7s 9h Td Jc Qs Ah";
reels[4] = "2c 3s 5s 6d 7c 8s Th Jd Qc Ks";
// out: Ts, Jh
Console.WriteLine("\nMachine reels: ");
for (int i = 0; i "lt" 5; ++i)
{
Console.WriteLine(reels[i]);
}
string[] handTypes = new string[] { "HighCard",
"OnePair", "TwoPair" , "ThreeKind" , "Straight",
"Flush" , "FullHouse", "FourKind",
"StraightFlush", "RoyalFlush" };
double[] trueProbs = new double[] { 0.50117700,
0.42256900, 0.04753900, 0.02112800, 0.00392500,
0.00196500, 0.00144100, 0.00024010, 0.00001390,
0.00000154};
int nTrials = 10_000_000;
Console.WriteLine("\nPlaying machine " +
nTrials + " times");
double[] probs = MachineProbs(reels, nTrials, 0);
Console.WriteLine("");
Console.WriteLine(" " +
" machine standard deck");
for (int i = 0; i "lt" 10; ++i)
{
Console.Write(handTypes[i].ToString().
PadRight(14) + " ");
Console.Write(probs[i].ToString("F8") + " ");
Console.WriteLine(trueProbs[i].ToString("F8"));
}
Console.WriteLine("\nEnd ");
Console.ReadLine();
} // Main
// ------------------------------------------------------
static double[] MachineProbs(string[] reels,
int nTrials, int seed)
{
Random rnd = new Random(seed);
int[] counts = new int[10]; // of each Hand type
double[] probs = new double[10];
for (int t = 0; t "lt" nTrials; ++t)
{
string hs = "";
for (int i = 0; i "lt" 5; ++i) // each reel
{
int j = rnd.Next(0, 10); // 0 to 9 inclusive
int idx = 3 * j; // 0 to 27: 0, 3, 6 . .
string cs = reels[i].Substring(idx, 2);
hs = hs + cs; // like "Kc9h2d5dJs"
}
Hand h = new Hand(hs); // List of 5 cards
int hIdx = h.GetHandTypeInt(); // 0 (HighCard) to 9
++counts[hIdx];
}
for (int i = 0; i "lt" 10; ++i)
probs[i] = (1.0 * counts[i]) / nTrials;
return probs;
} // MachineProbs()
} // Program
public class Card : IComparable"lt"Card"gt"
{
// 0,1 not used. 11=J, 12=Q, 13=K, 14=A
public int rank;
// 0=clubs, 1=diamonds, 2=hearts, 3=spades
public int suit;
public Card(int rank, int suit)
{
this.rank = rank; this.suit = suit;
}
public Card(string c)
{
char rnk = c[0]; char sut = c[1];
if (rnk == 'T') this.rank = 10;
else if (rnk == 'J') this.rank = 11;
else if (rnk == 'Q') this.rank = 12;
else if (rnk == 'K') this.rank = 13;
else if (rnk == 'A') this.rank = 14;
else this.rank = int.Parse(rnk.ToString());
if (sut == 'c') this.suit = 0;
else if (sut == 'd') this.suit = 1;
else if (sut == 'h') this.suit = 2;
else if (sut == 's') this.suit = 3;
}
public override string ToString()
{
string rnk = ""; string sut = "";
if (this.rank == 10) rnk = "T";
else if (this.rank == 11) rnk = "J";
else if (this.rank == 12) rnk = "Q";
else if (this.rank == 13) rnk = "K";
else if (this.rank == 14) rnk = "A";
else rnk = this.rank.ToString();
if (this.suit == 0) sut = "c";
else if (this.suit == 1) sut = "d";
else if (this.suit == 2) sut = "h";
else if (this.suit == 3) sut = "s";
return rnk + sut;
}
public int CompareTo(Card other)
{
// sort cards in a hand from low (Two) to high (Ace)
if (this.rank.CompareTo(other.rank) == 0)
{
return this.suit.CompareTo(other.suit);
}
return this.rank.CompareTo(other.rank);
}
} // class Card
// --------------------------------------------------------
public class Hand
{
// 5-card poker hand
// Hand types: "RoyalFlush", "StraightFlush",
// "FourKind", "FullHouse", "Flush" , "Straight",
// "ThreeKind", "TwoPair", "OnePair", "HighCard"
public List"lt"Card"gt" cards;
public Hand(List"lt"Card"gt" lst)
{
this.cards = new List"lt"Card"gt"();
for (int i = 0; i "lt" 5; ++i)
this.cards.Add(lst[i]);
this.cards.Sort();
}
public Hand(Card c1, Card c2, Card c3,
Card c4, Card c5)
{
this.cards = new List"lt"Card"gt"();
this.cards.Add(c1); this.cards.Add(c2);
this.cards.Add(c3); this.cards.Add(c4);
this.cards.Add(c5);
this.cards.Sort();
}
public Hand(string s) // s like "Js3h7d7cAd"
{
this.cards = new List"lt"Card"gt"();
this.cards.Add(new Card(s.Substring(0, 2)));
this.cards.Add(new Card(s.Substring(2, 2)));
this.cards.Add(new Card(s.Substring(4, 2)));
this.cards.Add(new Card(s.Substring(6, 2)));
this.cards.Add(new Card(s.Substring(8, 2)));
this.cards.Sort();
}
public override string ToString()
{
string h = "";
for (int i = 0; i "lt" 4; ++i)
h += this.cards[i].ToString() + "-";
h += this.cards[4];
return h;
}
public string ToTerseString()
{
string h = "";
for (int i = 0; i "lt" 4; ++i)
h += this.cards[i].ToString();
h += this.cards[4];
return h;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Hand Type methods:
// GetHandTypeStr(), GetHandTypeInt(),
//
// IsRoyalFlush(), IsStraightFlush(),
// IsFourKind(), IsFullHouse(), IsFlush(),
// IsStraight(), IsThreeKind(), IsTwoPair(),
// IsOnePair(), IsHighCard()
//
// helpers: HasFlush(), HasStraight(),
// ------------------------------------------------------
public string GetHandTypeStr()
{
if (IsRoyalFlush(this) == true)
return "RoyalFlush";
else if (IsStraightFlush(this) == true)
return "StraightFlush";
else if (IsFourKind(this) == true)
return "FourKind";
else if (IsFullHouse(this) == true)
return "FullHouse";
else if (IsFlush(this) == true)
return "Flush";
else if (IsStraight(this) == true)
return "Straight";
else if (IsThreeKind(this) == true)
return "ThreeKind";
else if (IsTwoPair(this) == true)
return "TwoPair";
else if (IsOnePair(this) == true)
return "OnePair";
else if (IsHighCard(this) == true)
return "HighCard";
else
return "Unknown";
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
public int GetHandTypeInt()
{
if (IsRoyalFlush(this) == true)
return 9;
else if (IsStraightFlush(this) == true)
return 8;
else if (IsFourKind(this) == true)
return 7;
else if (IsFullHouse(this) == true)
return 6;
else if (IsFlush(this) == true)
return 5;
else if (IsStraight(this) == true)
return 4;
else if (IsThreeKind(this) == true)
return 3;
else if (IsTwoPair(this) == true)
return 2;
else if (IsOnePair(this) == true)
return 1;
else if (IsHighCard(this) == true)
return 0;
else
return -1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool HasFlush(Hand h)
{
if ((h.cards[0].suit == h.cards[1].suit) "and"
(h.cards[1].suit == h.cards[2].suit) "and"
(h.cards[2].suit == h.cards[3].suit) "and"
(h.cards[3].suit == h.cards[4].suit))
return true;
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool HasStraight(Hand h)
{
// check special case of Ace-low straight
// 2, 3, 4, 5, A when sorted
if (h.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h.cards[1].rank == 3 "and"
h.cards[2].rank == 4 "and"
h.cards[3].rank == 5 "and"
h.cards[4].rank == 14)
return true;
// otherwise, check for 5 consecutive
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank - 1) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank - 1) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank - 1) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank - 1))
return true;
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsRoyalFlush(Hand h)
{
if (HasStraight(h) == true "and" HasFlush(h) == true
"and" h.cards[0].rank == 10)
return true;
else
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsStraightFlush(Hand h)
{
if (HasStraight(h) == true "and" HasFlush(h) == true
"and" h.cards[0].rank != 10)
return true;
else
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsFourKind(Hand h)
{
// AAAA B or B AAAA if sorted
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank != h.cards[4].rank))
return true;
if ((h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank) "and"
(h.cards[0].rank != h.cards[1].rank))
return true;
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsFullHouse(Hand h)
{
// AAA BB or BB AAA if sorted
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank != h.cards[3].rank))
return true;
// BB AAA
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank != h.cards[2].rank))
return true;
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsFlush(Hand h)
{
if (HasFlush(h) == true "and"
HasStraight(h) == false)
return true; // no StraightFlush or RoyalFlush
else
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsStraight(Hand h)
{
if (HasStraight(h) == true "and"
HasFlush(h) == false) // no SF or RF
return true;
else
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsThreeKind(Hand h)
{
// AAA B C or B AAA C or B C AAA if sorted
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank != h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank != h.cards[4].rank))
return true;
if ((h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[0].rank != h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank != h.cards[4].rank))
return true;
if ((h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank) "and"
(h.cards[0].rank != h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank != h.cards[2].rank))
return true;
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsTwoPair(Hand h)
{
// AA BB C or AA C BB or C AA BB if sorted
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank != h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank != h.cards[4].rank))
return true; // AA BB C
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank != h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank != h.cards[3].rank))
return true; // AA C BB
if ((h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank) "and"
(h.cards[0].rank != h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank != h.cards[3].rank))
return true; // C AA BB
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsOnePair(Hand h)
{
// AA B C D or B AA C D or B C AA D or B C D AA
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank != h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank != h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank != h.cards[4].rank))
return true; // AA B C D
if ((h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[0].rank != h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank != h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank != h.cards[4].rank))
return true; // B AA C D
if ((h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank) "and"
(h.cards[0].rank != h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank != h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[3].rank != h.cards[4].rank))
return true; // B C AA D
if ((h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank) "and"
(h.cards[0].rank != h.cards[1].rank) "and"
(h.cards[1].rank != h.cards[2].rank) "and"
(h.cards[2].rank != h.cards[3].rank))
return true; // B C D AA
return false;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static bool IsHighCard(Hand h)
{
if (HasFlush(h) == true)
return false;
else if (HasStraight(h) == true)
return false;
else
{
// all remaining have at least one pair
if ((h.cards[0].rank == h.cards[1].rank) ||
(h.cards[1].rank == h.cards[2].rank) ||
(h.cards[2].rank == h.cards[3].rank) ||
(h.cards[3].rank == h.cards[4].rank))
return false;
}
return true;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Hand comparison methods
// Hand.Compare() calls:
// BreakTieStraightFlush(), BreakTieFourKind(),
// BreakTieFullHouse(), BreakTieFlush(),
// BreakTieStraight(), BreakTieThreeKind(),
// BreakTieTwoPair(), BreakTieOnePair(),
// BreakTieHighCard()
// ------------------------------------------------------
public static int Compare(Hand h1, Hand h2)
{
// -1 if h1 "lt" h2, +1 if h1 "gt" h2, 0 if h1 == h2
int h1Idx = h1.GetHandTypeInt(); // like 6
int h2Idx = h2.GetHandTypeInt();
// different hand types - easy
if (h1Idx "lt" h2Idx)
return -1;
else if (h1Idx "gt" h2Idx)
return +1;
else // same hand types so break tie
{
string h1HandType = h1.GetHandTypeStr();
string h2HandType = h2.GetHandTypeStr();
if (h1HandType != h2HandType)
Console.WriteLine("Logic error ");
if (h1HandType == "RoyalFlush")
return 0; // two Royal Flush always tie
else if (h1HandType == "StraightFlush")
return BreakTieStraightFlush(h1, h2);
else if (h1HandType == "FourKind")
return BreakTieFourKind(h1, h2);
else if (h1HandType == "FullHouse")
return BreakTieFullHouse(h1, h2);
else if (h1HandType == "Flush")
return BreakTieFlush(h1, h2);
else if (h1HandType == "Straight")
return BreakTieStraight(h1, h2);
else if (h1HandType == "ThreeKind")
return BreakTieThreeKind(h1, h2);
else if (h1HandType == "TwoPair")
return BreakTieTwoPair(h1, h2);
else if (h1HandType == "OnePair")
return BreakTieOnePair(h1, h2);
else if (h1HandType == "HighCard")
return BreakTieHighCard(h1, h2);
}
return -2; // error
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
private static int BreakTieStraightFlush(Hand h1,
Hand h2)
{
// check special case of Ace-low straight flush
// check one or two Ace-low hands
// h1 is Ace - low, h2 not Ace - low.h1 is less
if ((h1.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h1.cards[4].rank == 14) "and" // because sorted!
!(h2.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h2.cards[4].rank == 14))
return -1;
// h1 not Ace - low, h2 is Ace - low, h1 is better
else if (!(h1.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h1.cards[4].rank == 14) "and"
(h2.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h2.cards[4].rank == 14))
return +1;
// two Ace-low hands
else if ((h1.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h1.cards[4].rank == 14) "and" // Ace-low
(h2.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h2.cards[4].rank == 14)) // Ace-low
return 0;
// no Ace-low straight flush so check high cards
if (h1.cards[4].rank "lt" h2.cards[4].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[4].rank "gt" h2.cards[4].rank)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
private static int BreakTieFourKind(Hand h1,
Hand h2)
{
// the off-card is at [0] or at [4]
// find h1 four-card and off-card ranks
int h1FourRank; int h1OffRank;
if (h1.cards[0].rank == h1.cards[1].rank)
{
// 1st two cards same so off-rank at [4]
h1FourRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1OffRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
else
{
// 1st two cards diff so off-rank at [0]
h1FourRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
h1OffRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
}
int h2FourRank; int h2OffRank;
if (h2.cards[0].rank == h2.cards[1].rank)
{
h2FourRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2OffRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
else
{
h2FourRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
h2OffRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
}
if (h1FourRank "lt" h2FourRank) // like 4K, 4A
return -1;
else if (h1FourRank "gt" h2FourRank)
return +1;
else // both hands have same four-kind (mult. decks)
{
if (h1OffRank "lt" h2OffRank)
return -1; // like 3c 9c9d9h9s "lt" Qd 9c9d9h9s
else if (h1OffRank "gt" h2OffRank)
return +1; // like Jc 4c4d4h4s "gt" 9s 4c4d4h4s
else if (h1OffRank == h2OffRank)
return 0;
}
throw new Exception("Fatal logic BreakTieFourKind");
}
private static int BreakTieFullHouse(Hand h1, Hand h2)
{
// determine high rank (3 kind) and low rank (2 kind)
// JJJ 55 or 33 KKK
// if [1] == [2] 3 kind at [0][1][2]
// if [1] != [2] 3 kind at [2][3][4]
int h1ThreeRank; int h1TwoRank;
if (h1.cards[1].rank == h1.cards[2].rank)
{
// if [1] == [2] 3 kind at [0][1][2]
h1ThreeRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1TwoRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
else
{
// if [1] != [2] 3 kind at [2][3][4]
h1ThreeRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
h1TwoRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
}
int h2ThreeRank; int h2TwoRank;
if (h2.cards[1].rank == h2.cards[2].rank)
{
// if [1] == [2] 3 kind at [0][1][2]
h2ThreeRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2TwoRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
else
{
// if [1] != [2] 3 kind at [2][3][4]
h2ThreeRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
h2TwoRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
}
if (h1ThreeRank "lt" h2ThreeRank)
return -1;
else if (h1ThreeRank "gt" h2ThreeRank)
return +1;
else // both hands same three-kind (mult. decks)
{
if (h1TwoRank "lt" h2TwoRank)
return -1; // like 3c3d 9c9d9h "lt" QdQs 9c9d9h
else if (h1TwoRank "gt" h2TwoRank)
return +1; // like 3c3d 9c9d9h "gt" 2d2s 9c9d9h
else if (h1TwoRank == h2TwoRank)
return 0;
}
throw new Exception("Fatal logic BreakTieFullHouse");
}
private static int BreakTieFlush(Hand h1, Hand h2)
{
// compare rank of high cards
if (h1.cards[4].rank "lt" h2.cards[4].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[4].rank "gt" h2.cards[4].rank)
return +1;
// high cards equal so check at [3]
else if (h1.cards[3].rank "lt" h2.cards[3].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[3].rank "gt" h2.cards[3].rank)
return +1;
// and so on
else if (h1.cards[2].rank "lt" h2.cards[2].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[2].rank "gt" h2.cards[2].rank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1.cards[1].rank "lt" h2.cards[1].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[1].rank "gt" h2.cards[1].rank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1.cards[0].rank "lt" h2.cards[0].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[0].rank "gt" h2.cards[0].rank)
return +1;
//
else
return 0; // all ranks the same!
}
private static int BreakTieStraight(Hand h1, Hand h2)
{
// both hands are straights but one could be Ace-low
// check special case of one or two Ace-low hands
// h1 is Ace-low, h2 not Ace-low. h1 is less
if ((h1.cards[0].rank == 2 "and" // Ace-low (sorted!)
h1.cards[4].rank == 14) "and"
!(h2.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h2.cards[4].rank == 14))
return -1;
// h1 not Ace-low, h2 is Ace-low, h1 is better
else if (!(h1.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h1.cards[4].rank == 14) "and"
(h2.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h2.cards[4].rank == 14))
return +1;
// two Ace-low hands
else if ((h1.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h1.cards[4].rank == 14) "and"
(h2.cards[0].rank == 2 "and"
h2.cards[4].rank == 14))
return 0;
// no Ace-low hands so just check high card
if (h1.cards[4].rank "lt" h2.cards[4].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[4].rank "gt" h2.cards[4].rank)
return +1;
else if (h1.cards[4].rank == h2.cards[4].rank)
return 0;
else
throw new
Exception("Fatal logic BreakTieStraight");
}
private static int BreakTieThreeKind(Hand h1, Hand h2)
{
// assumes multiple decks possible
// (TTT L H) or (L TTT H) or (L H TTT)
int h1ThreeRank = 0; int h1LowRank = 0;
int h1HighRank = 0;
if (h1.cards[0].rank == h1.cards[1].rank "and"
h1.cards[1].rank == h1.cards[2].rank)
{
h1ThreeRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1LowRank = h1.cards[3].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h1.cards[1].rank == h1.cards[2].rank "and"
h1.cards[2].rank == h1.cards[3].rank)
{
h1LowRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1ThreeRank = h1.cards[1].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h1.cards[2].rank == h1.cards[3].rank "and"
h1.cards[3].rank == h1.cards[4].rank)
{
h1LowRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[1].rank;
h1ThreeRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
int h2ThreeRank = 0; int h2LowRank = 0;
int h2HighRank = 0;
if (h2.cards[0].rank == h2.cards[1].rank "and"
h2.cards[1].rank == h2.cards[2].rank)
{
h2ThreeRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2LowRank = h2.cards[3].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h2.cards[1].rank == h2.cards[2].rank "and"
h2.cards[2].rank == h2.cards[3].rank)
{
h2LowRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2ThreeRank = h2.cards[1].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h2.cards[2].rank == h2.cards[3].rank "and"
h2.cards[3].rank == h2.cards[4].rank)
{
h2LowRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[1].rank;
h2ThreeRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
if (h1ThreeRank "lt" h2ThreeRank)
return -1;
else if (h1ThreeRank "gt" h2ThreeRank)
return +1;
// both hands three-kind same (mult. decks)
else if (h1HighRank "lt" h2HighRank)
return -1;
else if (h1HighRank "gt" h2HighRank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1LowRank "lt" h2LowRank)
return -1;
else if (h1LowRank "gt" h2LowRank)
return +1;
//
else // wow!
return 0;
}
private static int BreakTieTwoPair(Hand h1, Hand h2)
{
// (LL X HH) or (LL HH X) or (X LL HH)
int h1LowRank = 0; int h1HighRank = 0;
int h1OffRank = 0;
if (h1.cards[0].rank == h1.cards[1].rank "and"
h1.cards[3].rank == h1.cards[4].rank)
{
// (LL X HH)
h1LowRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
h1OffRank = h1.cards[2].rank;
}
else if (h1.cards[0].rank == h1.cards[1].rank "and"
h1.cards[2].rank == h1.cards[3].rank)
{
// (LL HH X)
h1LowRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[2].rank;
h1OffRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h1.cards[1].rank == h1.cards[2].rank "and"
h1.cards[3].rank == h1.cards[4].rank)
{
// (X LL HH)
h1LowRank = h1.cards[1].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[3].rank;
h1OffRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
}
int h2LowRank = 0; int h2HighRank = 0;
int h2OffRank = 0;
if (h2.cards[0].rank == h2.cards[1].rank "and"
h2.cards[3].rank == h2.cards[4].rank)
{
// (LL X HH)
h2LowRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
h2OffRank = h2.cards[2].rank;
}
else if (h2.cards[0].rank == h2.cards[1].rank "and"
h2.cards[2].rank == h2.cards[3].rank)
{
// (LL HH X)
h2LowRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[2].rank;
h2OffRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h2.cards[1].rank == h2.cards[2].rank "and"
h2.cards[3].rank == h2.cards[4].rank)
{
// (X LL HH)
h2LowRank = h2.cards[1].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[3].rank;
h2OffRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
}
if (h1HighRank "lt" h2HighRank)
return -1;
else if (h1HighRank "gt" h2HighRank)
return +1;
else if (h1LowRank "lt" h2LowRank)
return -1;
else if (h1LowRank "gt" h2LowRank)
return +1;
else if (h1OffRank "lt" h2OffRank)
return -1;
else if (h1OffRank "gt" h2OffRank)
return +1;
else
return 0;
}
private static int BreakTieOnePair(Hand h1, Hand h2)
{
// (PP L M H) or (L PP M H)
// or (L M PP H) or (L M H PP)
int h1PairRank = 0; int h1LowRank = 0;
int h1MediumRank = 0; int h1HighRank = 0;
if (h1.cards[0].rank == h1.cards[1].rank)
{
// (PP L M H)
h1PairRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1LowRank = h1.cards[2].rank;
h1MediumRank = h1.cards[3].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h1.cards[1].rank == h1.cards[2].rank)
{
// (L PP M H)
h1PairRank = h1.cards[1].rank;
h1LowRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1MediumRank = h1.cards[3].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h1.cards[2].rank == h1.cards[3].rank)
{
// (L M PP H)
h1PairRank = h1.cards[2].rank;
h1LowRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1MediumRank = h1.cards[1].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h1.cards[3].rank == h1.cards[4].rank)
{
// (L M H PP)
h1PairRank = h1.cards[4].rank;
h1LowRank = h1.cards[0].rank;
h1MediumRank = h1.cards[1].rank;
h1HighRank = h1.cards[2].rank;
}
int h2PairRank = 0; int h2LowRank = 0;
int h2MediumRank = 0; int h2HighRank = 0;
if (h2.cards[0].rank == h2.cards[1].rank)
{
// (PP L M H)
h2PairRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2LowRank = h2.cards[2].rank;
h2MediumRank = h2.cards[3].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h2.cards[1].rank == h2.cards[2].rank)
{
// (L PP M H)
h2PairRank = h2.cards[1].rank;
h2LowRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2MediumRank = h2.cards[3].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h2.cards[2].rank == h2.cards[3].rank)
{
// (L M PP H)
h2PairRank = h2.cards[2].rank;
h2LowRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2MediumRank = h2.cards[1].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
}
else if (h2.cards[3].rank == h2.cards[4].rank)
{
// (L M H PP)
h2PairRank = h2.cards[4].rank;
h2LowRank = h2.cards[0].rank;
h2MediumRank = h2.cards[1].rank;
h2HighRank = h2.cards[2].rank;
}
if (h1PairRank "lt" h2PairRank)
return -1;
else if (h1PairRank "gt" h2PairRank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1HighRank "lt" h2HighRank)
return -1;
else if (h1HighRank "gt" h2HighRank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1MediumRank "lt" h2MediumRank)
return -1;
else if (h1MediumRank "gt" h2MediumRank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1LowRank "lt" h2LowRank)
return -1;
else if (h1LowRank "gt" h2LowRank)
return +1;
//
else
return 0;
}
private static int BreakTieHighCard(Hand h1, Hand h2)
{
if (h1.cards[4].rank "lt" h2.cards[4].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[4].rank "gt" h2.cards[4].rank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1.cards[3].rank "lt" h2.cards[3].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[3].rank "gt" h2.cards[3].rank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1.cards[2].rank "lt" h2.cards[2].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[2].rank "gt" h2.cards[2].rank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1.cards[1].rank "lt" h2.cards[1].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[1].rank "gt" h2.cards[1].rank)
return +1;
//
else if (h1.cards[0].rank "lt" h2.cards[0].rank)
return -1;
else if (h1.cards[0].rank "gt" h2.cards[0].rank)
return +1;
//
else
return 0;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
} // class Hand
// --------------------------------------------------------
} // ns
.NET Test Automation Recipes
Software Testing
SciPy Programming Succinctly
Keras Succinctly
R Programming
2024 Visual Studio Live Conference
2024 Predictive Analytics World
2024 DevIntersection Conference
2023 Fall MLADS Conference
2022 Money 20/20 Conference
2022 DEFCON Conference
2022 G2E Conference
2023 ICGRT Conference
2024 CEC eSports Conference
2024 ISC West Conference
James D. McCaffrey 
You must be logged in to post a comment.